
Prenatal TMS
Research supports TMS as a promising treatment option for depression during pregnancy, particularly for patients seeking to avoid or minimize medication exposure. Clinical trials, including a randomized controlled trial and open-label studies in pregnant women with major depressive disorder, have demonstrated meaningful reductions in depressive symptoms with goodtolerability [1] [2].
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses similarly report significant symptom improvement and reassuring maternal and fetal safety data, with no serious adverse obstetric or neonatal outcomes identified in the availableliterature [3] [4].
While larger studies are ongoing, current evidence suggests that TMS is a viable and well-tolerated non-pharmacologic treatment during pregnancy.
Postpartum TMS
TMS has also shown effectiveness for depression in the postpartum period, where untreated symptoms can significantly affect maternal functioning and infant bonding. Reviews of peripartum populations, including postpartum patients, demonstrate significant reductions in depressive symptoms and favorable tolerabilityprofiles [3] [5].
Importantly, because TMS is not a systemic medication, it does not transfer into breast milk, making it an appealing option for breastfeeding mothers. Emerging literature continues to support TMS as a safe and effective treatment for postpartum depression, expanding access to non-medication-based care during this criticalperiod [4] [5].

Sources
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Kim DR, Wang E, McGeehan B, et al. Randomized Controlled Trial of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Pregnant Women With Major Depressive Disorder. Brain Stimulation. 2018.
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Kim DR, Epperson N, Paré E, et al. An Open Label Pilot Study of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Pregnant Women With Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Women's Health. 2011.
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Lee HJ, Kim SM, Kwon JY. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment for Peripartum Depression: Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2021.
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Miuli A, Pettorruso M, Stefanelli G, et al. Beyond the Efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Peripartum Depression: A Systematic Review Exploring Perinatal Safety for Newborns. Psychiatry Research. 2023.
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Ganho-Ávila A, Sobral M, Berg MLD. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Reducing Depressive Symptoms During the Peripartum Period. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2024.


Before TMS, life felt dark and heavy. I was just going through the motions.
After treatment, my thoughts became lighter and I found motivation again.
The change was worth it.

Before TMS, I felt hopeless and defeated. I was sleeping too much and withdrawing from life.
Now I feel hopeful and excited about the future. I’ve started reading again and re-engaging with life.
TMS was effective and life-changing.

Before TMS, life felt slow and hopeless.
After treatment, I feel happier, more outgoing, and able to get out of bed and live my day.
I could truly feel the improvement.

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